Skip to main content

48 YEAR OLD MALE WITH ABDOMINAL DISTENSION

 CHIEF COMPLAINTS 


Abdominal distension since 20 days 

Blood in stools since 3days 

Sob since 20 days 

Decreased urine output since 3 days 


HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS 

Patient was apparently asymptomatic 20 days back when he developed abdominal distension which was insidious in onset ,gradually progressed to current state  ,distension changes w position ,diffuse in type and present throughout the day. 

No H/o abd pain obsipation vomiting loose stools constipation

Distension is associated with SOB since 10 days initially while squatting currently even at rest(MMRC-grade-1to grade-4)  ,not associated with orthopnea ,PND. .

Swelling of lower limbs since 15 days 

Insidious in onset 

Pitting type ,Initially involving only the feet later progressed Upto knees 

No Association with scrotal swelling 

No history of chest pain ,palpitations,facial puffiness .

history of high coloured urine since 20 days associated with decreased urine output since 10 days 

Not associated with burning micturation,pain ,increased frequency, urgency .

History of yellowish discolouration since 2 years 

Insidious in onset ,Gradually progressive ,associated with high coloured urine 

not associated with itching ,pale coloured stools .

No history of fever ,headache ,rash ,joint pains ,no history of change in sleep pattern ,confusion ,altered sensorium ,no history of blood in stools, melena ,constipation .


PAST HISTORY 


History of two hospitals visits in past two years 

History of generalised weakness ,abdominal distension two years back ,diagnosed to have chronic liver failure 

Received rehabilitation,Abstained from consuming alcohol for 1 year 

Starting consuming alcohol ,followed by an Episode of jaundice 1 year back with similar complaints of Generalised weakness ,abdominal distension 


 a known case of  HTN since 10 years ,DM,TB,seizures ,heart diseases,thyroid abnormalities,

No history of blood transfusions,tattooing ,or chronic drug intake ,no history of recent travel 


FAMILY HISTORY 

No similar complaints in the family 

TREATMENT HISTORY 

T.Telma 80mg initially 

Later was put on T.telma 40mg 

T.amlong 5 mg currently 

Atenolol 50 mg currently 

SUGRICAL HISTORY 

No history of recent surgeries 

PERSONAL HISTORY 

Occupation 

Diet -mixed 

Appetite -decreased 

Sleep -adequate 

Bowel and bladder -regular ,reduced output 

Addictions -alcoholic since 13 years 

Consumes 250-350 ml of whiskey everyday 


PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS 

this patient is acute decompensation of chronic liver disease with symptoms suggestive of portal hypertension and probably due to hepatitis secondary to alcohol .


GENERAL PHYSICAL EXAMINATION 

Patient is conscious,coherent and co operative well oriented to time place and person 

patient is moderately nourished and moderately built 

Height -5’7

Weight -48kgs 


PALLOR -absent 

ICTERUS -present involving the upper bulbar conjunctiva 



CYANOSIS -absent 

CLUBBING -absent 

LYMPHADENOPATHY -absent 

PEDAL EDEMA -present 






HEAD TO TOE EXAMINATION 


hair is normal 

No parotid swelling 

Palmar erythema- present 



Gynaecomastia -absent 

Pale coloured nails -present 

Tremors -absent 

spider naevi -present 



Petechae,purpurae -absent 

abdominal scar -no 

VITALS 

TEMP - a febrile 

HEART RATE -72bpm

PULSE PRSSURE -130/90mmhg

RESP RATE -16cpm

GI EXAMINATION 

Abdomen examination 

Inspection 

Abdomen is distended in shape  , with flank fullness 

Umbilicus is everted 

skin is normal 

Spider neavi are present in upper back area 

no discolouration of skin ,engorged veins ,sinuses 

No visible peristalsis or pulsations 

Hernial orifices Normal 


PALPATION 

Abdomen is non tender , with rise of temperature due to fever 

No guarding no Rigidity 

No organomegaly 

PERCUSSION 

liver 

upper border of liver dullness is per used at the right 6 th inter coastal space along the mid -clavicular line on full expiration and the lower border cannot be palpated 

percussion of spleen 

Castell’s method - dullness is observed in 9 th ICS of any axillary line 

 fluid thrill -present 

shifting dullness -present 

AUSCULTATION 

bowel sounds heard 

CNS EXAMINATION 


Conscious,coherent and cooperative 
Speech- normal
No signs of meningeal irritation. 
Cranial nerves- intact
Sensory system- normal 

Motor system:
Tone- normal
Power- bilaterally 5/5
Reflexes: Right. Left. 
Biceps. ++. ++

Triceps. ++. ++

Supinator ++. ++

Knee. ++. ++

Ankle ++. ++

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM:

Inspection : 
Shape of chest- elliptical 
No engorged veins, scars, visible pulsations
JVP -  raised
Palpation :
 Apex beat can be palpable in 5th inter costal space
No thrills and parasternal heaves can be felt
Auscultation : 
S1,S2 are heard
no murmurs

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:
Inspection: 
Shape- elliptical 
B/L symmetrical , 
Both sides moving equally with respiration .
No scars, sinuses, engorged veins, pulsations 

Palpation:
Trachea - central
Expansion of chest is symmetrical. 
Vocal fremitus - reduced on left side in mammary ,axillary and infraxillary areas 
Percussion: stony dullness in left in left mammary ,axillary ,infraxillary areas 
Tidal percussion-resonant note 



Auscultation:
bilateral air entry present. Normal vesicular breath sounds heard.
Vic resonance -reduced on left side mammary ,axillary ,infraaxillary 



INVESTIGATIONS 


DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 

viral hepatitis 

Toxin induced liver damage 

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

My experience with general cellular and neural cellular pathology in a case based blended learning ecosystem's (CBBLE)

Greetings, this is Sai Deepthika Vathada, a medical undergraduate student studying in India. I would like to share some of my experiences in the general medicine department and what I have gained from it.  I would like to take this opportunity to thank my HOD SIR and  all my seniors and professors for providing me with a space to grow and gain knowledge. I am grateful for the opportunities that have been provided to me to enhance my skills and knowledge through various integrated clinical learning. These experiences have not only expanded my medical knowledge but have also exposed me to the latest advancements in the field. CBBLE PAJR PARTICIPATORY LEARNING ACTION RESEARCH DISCLAIMER NOTE:  THIS IS AN ONLINE E LOGBOOK TO DISCUSS OUR PATIENT'S DE-IDENTIFIED HEALTH DATA SHARED AFTER TAKING HIS/HER GUARDIAN'S SIGNED INFORMED CONSENT. HERE WE DISCUSS OUR INDIVIDUAL PATIENT'S PROBLEMS THROUGH A SERIES OF INPUTS FROM THE AVAILABLE GLOBAL ONLINE COMMUNITY OF EXPERTS INTENDING TO

FIRST INTERNAL ASSESSMENT

 

SECOND INTERNAL ASSESMENT